Today pigs are used during all phases in the life of a pipeline for many different reasons. Image caption: Historic project photo from FTL Technology. Some have tungsten studs or abrasive wire mesh on the outside to cut rust, scale, or paraffin wax deposits off the inside of the pipe. There are inherent risks in opening the barrel to atmospheric pressure so care must be taken to ensure that the barrel is depressurized prior to opening. This operation is done by inserting the pig into the pipeline from the source to the endpoint. After pigging, liquid is then collected or continues being processed. The Pig Launcher is located upstream end of the pipeline and it is used to launch the pig into the pipeline, then a Pig … PIG launchers and PIG receivers are integral to the pipelines pigging system. Gouge. Pigs are used in all types of pipelines to increase efficiency and avoid problems at pump or compressor stations that could result from the presence of unwanted materials. The PIG means Pipeline Inspection Gauge. Each lock is equipped with two keys: a key for the locked open position and one for the locked closed position. 1 Introduction 1.1 Pipeline Pigging System. Until recently, tape recording (although digital) was still the preferred recording medium. What is a Pipeline Pig? In pipelines, pigging refers to various maintenance operations of cleaning and inspecting pipelines with the help of a device known as a pig. Pig receiver definition: A pig receiver is a device to get a pig out of a pipeline without interrupting flow. Product sampling at the receipt point is faster with pigs, because the interface between products is very clear; the old method of checking at intervals to determine where the product is on-specification takes considerably longer. the practice of using mechanical devices known as ‘pigs’ to perform maintenance operations in pipelines; scrubbing the insides of the lines in order to clean them. It is impossible for a pipeline to be 100% efficient. A major advantage for multi-product pipelines of piggable systems is the potential of product savings. ; In Line Inspection (ILI) Tools, provide information on the condition of the line, as well as the extent and location of any problems. Common causes of such events are: All these causes are directly related to improper operation of the process valves and the closure door. pipeline pigs as maintenance tools is the solution to tackling these problems. A smart pig is also known as a pipe pig, pipeline pig, pipeline inspection gauge, pipeline inline inspection tool, natural gas pipeline inspection tool or corrosion detection pig. They vary in technology and complexity depending on the intended use and the manufacturer. 82677019-Pipeline-Pigging-Handbook READ PAPER. The technology used varies by the service required and the design of the pig; each pigging service provider may have unique and proprietary technologies to accomplish the service. Dictionary.reverso.net DA: 22 PA: 29 MOZ Rank: 59. pipeline pig definition in the English Cobuild dictionary for learners, pipeline pig meaning explained, see also 'in the pipeline',pipe',piping',picket line', English vocabulary Surface pitting and corrosion, as well as cracks and weld defects in steel/ferrous pipelines are often detected using magnetic flux leakage (MFL) pigs. By evaluating the rate of change of a particular defect over several years, proactive plans can be made to repair the pipeline before any leakage or environmental damage occurs. Once inside, the pigs can travel with the fluid or be pulled by a cable or other device if needed. They usually do not interrupt production, though some product can be lost when the pig is extracted. pipeline, 100 miles long, and removes 0.016 in. Pigging can be used for almost any section of the transfer process between, for example, blending, storage or filling systems. The launching station is then closed and the pressure-driven flow of the product in the pipeline is used to push the pig along down the pipe until it reaches the receiving trap — the "pig catcher" (or "receiving station"). Intelligent pigs may also use calipers to measure the inside geometry of the pipeline. Pigging is an in-line inspection (ILI) technique in which devices referred to “pigs” are inserted into pipelines to perform cleaning and inspection activities. Pipeline Industries Guild. These systems are not common. CDI manufactures a wide variety of pipeline pig tracking and signaling equipment for onshore, offshore and subsea. Pigging can also be operated totally by a programmable logic controller (PLC). The principle of valve interlocking is the transfer of keys. through the pipeline, propelled by the flow of the respective medium. The following groups of direct defects can be detected by inspection pigs. Physical separation between different fluids flowing through the pipeline, Inspection of the condition of pipeline walls (also known as an Inline Inspection (ILI) tool). For this reason, pipelines are operated to very definite pigging programmes. PPSA: 'Pipeline pigs are devices that are inserted into and travel throughout the length of a pipeline driven by a product flow. Interestingly, the name may have originated from the “squealing” sound early pig models (made of straw and wire or leather) produced while traveling through pipelines. Pigging can be conducted on a variety of pipelines sizes without having to stop the flow of material through the line. Pipeline Pigs are devices that are used in the inspection, cleaning and maintenance of the pipelines used in the production phase of oil and gas. • Some considerations: – Wear on the Pigs – Pipeline Product •The following pipeline lengths are not uncommon; •Natural Gas pipelines 50-100 miles between traps •Refined Products Pipelines 100-150 miles between traps It is for this very reason why we developed a multi-diameter pigging system that is capable to meet these increased challenges in ‘difficult to pig’ pipelines. Intelligent pigs are used to inspect the pipeline with sensors and record the data for later analysis. Learn about various applications such as batching, cleaning, and inspection. During an operating procedure, only one key at a time is free. pipeline-pigs Products Pipeline Pigs TDW designs and manufactures an extensive selection of pipeline pigs for specific applications, such as liquids displacement, cleaning, batching, gauging, and specialty pigs, available in diameters up to 60-inch and ranging in … pipeline-pigs Products Pipeline Pigs TDW designs and manufactures an extensive selection of pipeline pigs for specific applications, such as liquids displacement, cleaning, batching, gauging, and specialty pigs, available in diameters up to 60-inch and ranging in … The cleaning agent then had to be subjected to effluent treatment or solvent recovery. Either way, flow is not usually interrupted while the pig … In the world of polyurethane pipeline pigs, the hardness scale used is “Shore A”. PIG TRAIN: Several pigs launched in a set order to perform a specific task. Some claim ‘pig’ is an abbreviation for ‘Pipeline Intervention Gadget’ or ‘Pipeline Inspection Gauge.’. Pigging systems are already installed in industries handling products as diverse as lubricating oils, paints, chemicals, toiletries, cosmetics and foodstuffs. This definition explains the meaning of Unibody Pig and why it matters. Smart pigs can also detect curvatures in the pipeline. Pigging systems are designed so that the pig is loaded into the launcher, which is pressured to launch the pig into the pipeline through a kicker line. A sizing pig uses one (or more) notched round metal plates as gauges. There is no requirement for extensive line flushing. PIG: A tool propelled through a pipeline to perform a function. We’ve worked in the oil and gas sector for many years and understand the importance of providing pipeline pigs with increased flexibility, adaptability, operational repeatability and improved efficiency. domestica syn. The external sensors may have Global Positioning System capability[20] to assist in their location. Gauging Pig. It travels with the flow of product in the line, cleaning the pipe walls by means of blades or brushes affixed to it. A pig receiver is a container or device to receive a pipeline pig out of the pipeline … 23 Full PDFs related to this paper. A pig was also used as a plot device in the Tony Hillerman book The Sinister Pig where an abandoned pipeline from Mexico to the United States was used with a pig to transport illegal drugs. Pigs are run to maintain the line efficiency. At the end of each product transfer, it is possible to clear out the entire line contents with the pig, either forwards to the receipt point, or backwards to the source tank. Pig Launchers and Receivers are used to facilitate the pigging of the pipeline. The Pig Traps are designed for the use of mechanical and intelligent Pig and/or cleansing or impulse spheres. This key only fits in the interlock belonging to the valve that is to be operated next in the operating procedure. Dual diameter pipelines are problematic for in-line inspection due to the risk of the pig stalling at the diameter change. It used MFL technology to inspect the bottom portion of the pipeline. Read the Case Study here.Â. Inspection pigs collect information about temperature and pressure, corrosion/metal loss, diameter, bends and curvature, cracks, weld defects, surface pitting and areas of crushing/deformation to verify pipeline … Image caption: Historic project photo from FTL Technology. Pig Definition. The following image shows one of the definitions of PIG in English: Pipeline Inspection Gauge. Their safety valves, security locks, and ability to pressurize and depressurize provide a safe way for the PIGs to be loaded and removed without danger to the pipeline and equipment or human personnel. pipeline pig definition in English dictionary, pipeline pig meaning, synonyms, see also 'in the pipeline',piperine',piperazine',piperidine'. The pig receiver acts as a point to remove the pig from the pipeline, as well as any debris the pig has knocked loose. Solid-cast pigs, which have the flexibility and easy handling of foam pigs, coupled with the ruggedness and excellent sealing capabilities of cups and discs found on steel pigs, prove very efficient as general purpose pigs for batching, displacement, and routine pigging operations. After 100 miles, a plug about 1,450 ft long would form. - Privacy. Brushes and scrapers on a cleaning pig remove dirt and scale from the pipeline walls. Pig: 1. © 2021 FTL Technology/IDEX | Normal Pipeline Pigs. This increases safety by integrating operator procedures[14] with DCS and SIS safety systems. 6th International Conference, Pipeline Rehabilitation and Maintenance, October 6-10, 2003, Hilton Berlin, Germany A. Pople 2 Penspen Integrity Introduction Pipeline operators now have a wide choice of inline inspection tools (pigs) that have the capability to deliver a consistently high-level of reporting of pipeline features and defects. A pipeline pig is a maintenance tool used for a wide range of pipeline maintenance applications. These pigs have a multi-disc configuration and can be used for different purposes such as removing liquids, controlling build up, and in pipeline commissioning. Pipeline pigs are used across various industries not just oil & gas, including chemical plants and hygienic applications such as pharmaceutical or food. If you're new to CDI's products we recommend that you start by having a look at our Full Line Catalog.It gives a great overview of the broad range of equipment that we design and manufacture. Hydraulically activated pipeline pigging (HAPP) is a pigging technology applied for pipeline cleaning. This may be done by odometers, gyroscope-assisted tilt sensors and other technologies. Pipeline pig definition English dictionary for learners . Geometry pig: Indication of deviations from the ideal circular shape (dents, ovalization, wrinkles, changes in internal diameter, angular distortions) Wall-thickness pigs: Measuring of wall Pigs are used in lube oil or paint blending to clean the pipes to avoid cross-contamination, and to empty the pipes into the product tanks (or sometimes to send a component back to its tank). Pipeline pigging is the process of propelling a pig through a pipeline from a pig launcher and receiving the pig at the pig receiver end of the pipeline. Pigs (also known as smart pigs or inspection pigs) are used to inspect pipelines for detecting leaks and buildups, which could be explosive and dangerous to the environment. A "pig" in the pipeline industry is a tool that is sent down a pipeline and propelled by the pressure of the product flow in the pipeline itself. A common method of avoiding these kinds of incidents is to add valve interlocks,[13] which has been adopted by all global oil and gas operating companies. There are many challenges when it comes to pigging pipelines. Other "smart" pigs use electromagnetic acoustic transducers to detect pipe defects. It is therefore necessary that the pig use internal means to record its own movement during the trip. In 1961, the first intelligent pig was run by Shell Development. If the barrel is not completely depressurized, the pig can be ejected from the barrel and operators have been severely injured when standing in front of an open pig door. As they travel along the line they can also help inspect the interior pipeline condition to prevent and detect problems such as corrosion, deformations and metal loss. Pigging is performed with the flow of the materials within the pipeline. PIG = Pipeline Inspection Gauge Looking for general definition of PIG? Our polyurethanes typically range from 60 to 90 on the Shore A scale, but we can expand that range for special applications if required. These pigs are often used for pipeline cleaning and are sometimes called gelly pigs. Other theories state that in the past, a pig was sent through the pipelines with leather sealing discs, which squeaked against the pie wall making it sound like a pig squealing. opening of the closure door while the vessel is still pressurized; opening of the main process valve while the closure door is not fully closed; opening of the closure door while a high concentration of H₂S or other toxins remains inside the vessel; the vent valve remaining open while the vessel is being pressurized with its medium. This is accomplished by inserting the pig into a "pig launcher" (or "launching station") — an oversized section in the pipeline, reducing to the normal diameter. In-line Inspection (ILI) involves the evaluation of pipes and pipelines using “smart pigs” (both tethered and non-tethered) that utilize non-destructive examination techniques to detect and size internal damage. Enrich your vocabulary with the English Definition dictionary from the pig to provide a location-specific defect map and characterization. As the capacity and reliability of solid-state memory improved, most recording media moved away from tape to solid-state. [17] Caliper pigs can measure the roundness of the pipeline to determine areas of crushing or other deformations. Today, however, the use of smaller diameter pigging systems is now increasing in many continuous and batch process plants as plant operators search for increased efficiencies and reduced costs. [11] When the product is sour, the barrel should be evacuated to a flare system where the sour gas is burnt. Without the need for line flushing, pigging offers the additional advantage of much more rapid and reliable product changeover. The system used a black box similar to those used on aircraft to record the information; it was basically a highly customized analog tape recorder. Pipeline Pigs - Read about what pipeline pigs are, what they're used for, types of pipeline pigs, such as foam pigs, steel mandrel pigs, solid cast pigs and more. The pigs must be removed, as many pigs are rented, pigs wear and must be replaced, and cleaning (and other) pigs push contaminants from the pipeline such as wax, foreign objects, hydrates, etc., which must be removed from the pipeline. If a product was used to clear the line, it was necessary to downgrade or dump the contaminated portion of the product. Trials of pigs using acoustic resonance technology have been reported.[18]. The trap includes a pig launcher and a pig receiver (yep, we’re launching pigs). Power for the electronics is typically provided by onboard batteries which are also sealed. This definition explains the meaning of Unibody Pig and why it matters. There are four main uses for pigs: One of the most common and versatile is the foam pig which is cut or poured out of open cell polyurethane foam into the shape of a bullet and is driven through pipelines for many reasons such as to prove the inner diameter of, clean, de-water, or dry out the line. The interlocks block operation of a valve or door, unless the appropriate keys are inserted. Pigging has a significant role to play in reducing the environmental impact of batch operations. A pig launcher was featured in the season 2 episode "Pipeline Fever" of the animated show Archer (2009 TV series), wherein Sterling Archer and Lana Kane are tasked with going into a swamp and defending a pig launcher from radical environmentalist Joshua Gray. Pipeline proving combined with pipeline gauging is an essential requirement when a pipeline has little or no pigging history and or there is any doubt about internal condition before the introduction of metal bodied cleaning pigs or an ILI tool can be considered. There are also "smart pigs" used to inspect pipelines for the purpose of preventing leaks, which can be explosive and dangerous to the environment. Smart pigs can also detect curvatures in the pipeline. This paper is intended to provide an overview of the uses of pigs in these operations, and provide some basic information on train design and pig … A consortium plans to build a natural-gas pipeline from Russia to supply eastern Germany. In other words, the combined data reveals to the operator the location, type and size of each pipe defect. [12] At all other times, the pig is shuttled up and down the pipeline at the end of each transfer, and the pipeline is never opened up during process operation. 23 Full PDFs related to this paper. For example, cleaning pigs are designed to help maintain efficiency and control corrosion. Inspection pigs have been used in pipeline testing for over 20 years. Pipeline Pigging can be used for any section of transfer processes between the blending and storage or filling systems. Safety during pigging relies on strict adherence to safety procedures, which give detailed description of a safe valve operating sequence. They enter the pipeline through a pig trap (yes, that’s the real name). The engineers at FTL Technology know all too well the various demands of pigging and how increasingly complex pipeline systems are becoming. 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Pigging refers to the practice of using mechanical devices known as ‘pigs’ to perform maintenance operations in pipelines; scrubbing the insides of the lines in order to clean them. Capturing and recording geometric information relating to pipelines (e.g., size, position). The sensors record when they detect the passage of the pig (time-of-arrival); this is then compared to the internal record for verification or adjustment. Geometry Pig. A configuration pig designed to record conditions, such as dents, wrinkles, ovality, bend radius and angle, and occasionally indications of significant internal corrosion, by making measurements of the inside surface of the pipeline. In some cases, the pig is removed from the pipeline via the receiver at the end of each run. The Pipeline pigging system is the process of using a device referred to as Pig to perform various tasks including cleaning, maintenance, inspection, batching, dimension check on a new or existing pipeline. In these tests, the diagnostic devices are carried along passively through the pipeline, propelled by the flow of the respective medium. Pigs are also used in oil and gas pipelines to clean the pipes. Other types are fully or criss-cross coated in urethane, or there are bare polyurethane foam pigs with a urethane coating just on the rear to seal and assist in driving the pig. Inline inspection pigs use various methods for inspecting a pipeline. After the pigging run has been completed, the positional data from the external sensors is combined with the pipeline evaluation data (corrosion, cracks, etc.) Any of various mammals of the family Suidae, having short legs, hooves with two weight-bearing toes, bristly hair, and a cartilaginous snout used for digging, including the domesticated hog (Sus scrofa subsp. Pigging is performed with the flow of the materials within the pipeline. [citation needed]. The pig is pushed either with a gas or a liquid; if pushed by gas, some systems[10] can be adapted in the gas inlet in order to ensure pig's constant speed, whatever the flow pressure is. Valve interlocks are permanently mounted to both manual and motor operated valves and the closure door. Advertisement. Usually pigging is done at the beginning and at the end of each batch, but sometimes it is done in the midst of a batch, such as when producing a premix that will be used as an intermediate component. Pigging has been used for many years to clean large diameter pipelines in the oil industry. Cleaning pigs help in cleaning the pipeline by getting rid of buildups, sediments and metal objects that are stuck inside the pipe. Sweeping the line walls helps remove built up solids like wax and/or precipitated water to help prevent a corrosive environment from occurring. •The distance between two pig traps is a variable and must be determined for each specific pipeline. Gel Pig. of wax material from the wall of the pipeline. Brush and scraper pigs feature longitudinal boles, which pass through the body of the pig. During the pigging run the pig is unable to directly communicate with the outside world due to the distance underground or underwater and/or the materials that the pipe is made of. A few pig passage indicators transmit the pig's passage, time and location, via satellite uplink. Geometry pig: … Pipe Pigging is a process used to clean large diameter pipelines. Oilfield, Transportation, Medical. A smart pig is also known as a pipe pig, pipeline pig, pipeline inspection gauge, pipeline inline inspection tool, natural gas pipeline inspection tool or corrosion detection pig. ILI measures and records irregularities in pipelines including corrosion, cracks, deformations, or other defects. The notches allow different parts of the plate to bend when a bore restriction is encountered. VariPig is a multi-diameter pigging solution that we have developed that can solve all these problems. GE Energy's UltraScan Duo is the oil and gas industry's first pipeline inspection gauge, or pig, to utilize Phased Array Ultrasound Technology, an automated sensor system GE adapted to perform comprehensive pipeline inspections in a single run. Sometimes it is introduced manually but more commonly automatically. As well as complete turnkey projects, we provide a range of pipeline pigging products for liquid product recovery, transfer, pipeline cleaning and hygienic (sanitary) process systems. Modern intelligent or "smart" pigs are highly sophisticated instruments that include electronics and sensors that collect various forms of data during their trip through the pipeline. Oilfield, Transportation, Medical. PIG launchers and receivers are the places where the PIG enters or exits the pipeline. Pipeline proving combined with pipeline gauging is an essential requirement when a pipeline has little or no pigging history and or there is any doubt about internal condition before the introduction of metal bodied cleaning pigs or an ILI tool can be considered. 0. Friction and other factors obstruct flow. Pigs are used during hydrostatic testing operations to allow the pipeline to be filled with water, or other test medium, without entrapping air. Interlocking Solutions enable the integration of field devices like pressure or pulled through by a cable be. A plug about 1,450 ft long would form transmission to slow but plugs in a valve interlocking is potential! Aspects of the pipeline with sensors and record the pig … 1 Introduction 1.1 pigging... A plug about 1,450 ft long would form definition explains the meaning of Unibody pig and why it.... Batteries which are also sealed introduced, housed and returned using pig and... 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